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Did you know?
- The stomach of crocodile has a size of football ball, he eats little, but many times per day.
- Hippo weights 3,2 tones and is one of the heaviest land mammals.
- Giraffe is one of the rare animals that have horns at birth.
- The elephants walk on tiptoe, because under their heel they have thick layer of fat.
- The biggest snakes of the world can eat a human in one time and a meal lasts for one year.
- Flamingos get the color of their feathers because of their specific nutrition.
- African elephant can run faster then a human and can walk several hours without any rest.
- In first year of hippo’s life 45% of them die.
- Shark is swimming with average speed of 3km/h and maximum speed of 95 km/h.
- Giraffe has a same number of vertebrae like most of the mammals, but theirs are much longer.
- Bushbabies got a name because of their sounds that reminded first explorers of crying babies.
- Elephants communicate through vibrations that they make by hitting the ground with their feet.
- Most of the elephants sleep standing and only 2-3 hours per day.
- Hippo can stay 5 minutes under the water-surface and can even run on the bottom of the lake.
- The biggest known shark in the world was 13 meters long and had 15 tones
- Leopard likes to drink water everyday, but he can stay without it up to one month.
- Wild elephant can eat 230 kg of food and drink 125 liters of water per day sometimes at once.
- Near relative of African ostrich is South American nandu and Australian emus.
- Ostrich, zebra and giraffe can kill with their kick even the mighty lion.
- Turtles, birds and crocs like to rest on the backs of hippos.
- African tribes are hunting bushbabies by leaving a palm wine in the forest and collecting drunk animals from it.
- Warthog can run 50 km/h and they are very skillful to defend themselves.
- The head of the rhino weights 200 kg.
- Black leopard or Panther was first considered as different species, but in same family can be puppies of normal and black colour.
- The biggest turtle in the world is belonging to the species of leatherback and weights 752 kg.
- The grey rat is living everywhere in the world except polar countries. One couple can have up to 800 babies in just one year.
- Insect-eating bats produce ultrasound of very high frequency, with echoes that bounce back, they get all necessary information.
- One of the most shamefaced animals in area of high and low tide is octopus.
- The longest recorded jump of bushbaby from one branch to another was more then 7 meters.
- From 1830 on each year 10 to 30 thousand slaves were sold at slave market on Zanzibar.
- Coconut palm can live up to 100 years but can reproduce only 20 years.
- Warthog’s only enemies are lion and leopard.
- In darkness leopard can see 6 times and hear 2 times better then human.
- Monkey species of red colobus are living only in forest Jozani on Zanzibar Island.
- Cheetahs are running 120 km/h, but only 20 seconds. This is still enough for successful hunting.
- Insectivorous bats obtain most of the water they need from their prey, cave bats can lick up condensation.
Flora and fauna
Fauna
Due to the historically low density of human settlement, Tanzania is home to an exceptionally rich array of wildlife. Large herds of animals—most spectacularly the wildebeest, as well as the zebra, giraffe, buffalo, gazelle, eland, dik-dik, and kudu—are found in most of the country's numerous game parks.
Predators include hyenas, wild dogs, and the big cats—lions, leopards, and cheetahs.
Crocodiles and hippos are common on riverbanks and lakeshores.
The government has taken special measures to protect the rhinoceros and elephant, which have fallen victim to poachers.
Small bands of chimpanzees inhabit Gombe National Park along Lake Tanganyika.
Nearly 1,500 varieties of birds have been reported, and there are numerous species of snakes and lizards.
Flora
Tanzania has very divers flora depending on micro climate, quality of soil and altitude. The biggest problem was poor drainage, practice of burning for agriculture and animal grazing. In some parts of the country you can find:
- Forests grow in the highland areas where there is more rain and there is no dry season.
- In the western and southern side of the country is primarily woodland, consisting of an open cover of trees.
- Bushland is typical for areas with less rain.
- Where the floods on the plains are common, less then 50% of the area cover wooded grassland with a canopy.
- Grassland appears where there is a lack of good drainage.
- Swamps are found in areas of permanent floods.
- At high altitudes we can find Alpine type of desert and semi desert.
- There are also saline deserts in poorly drained areas and arid deserts in areas of extremely low rainfall.
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